The pressure of water is higher act on retaining wall because that water doesn’t have any active or passive coefficient, so total pressure of water act = (0.5)* unit weight *height^2
In soil pressure
Total soil pressure on retaining wall is =(0.5)*k*unit weight of soil *height^2
In that term, k = active or passive coefficient.
K active = (1-sin∅)/(1+sin∅)
K passive = (1+sin∅)/(1-sin∅)
So most of the case that is active pressure active on soil.
In active pressure it is less than water pressure
And in passive state soil pressure is higher than water pressure