What is Waste Stabilization Pond?

Waste or wastewater stabilization ponds are large, man made water bodies in which blackwater, greywater or faecal sludge are treated by natural occurring processes and the influence of solar light, wind, and microorganisms and algae. The ponds can be used individually or linked in a series for improved treatment.

Waste stabilization ponds are used for treating wastewater. They are just like ones but man-made. Large ponds are constructed and they maybe link with one another to enhance the waste stabilization. These ponds make use of the principles of sedimentation, filtration, nitrification, denitrification and biodegradation. These ponds will reduce the solids, BOD, and Pathogens in the effluents. They have low operating costs and do not require electricity. If designed properly, they can be odor-free. However, they require large areas and highly accurate design and construction.

There are three types of pond

Anaerobic ponds Aerobic ponds Facultative ponds

This methods produces a low quality effluent which has to be further treated before disposal.

Waste stabilization ponds are those type of ponds which are built and designed for wastewater treatment to reduce the organic content and remove pathogens from wastewater. They are man-made depressions confined by earthen structures. Waste water pond are used world wide for wastewater treatment and are especially suitable for developing countries that have warm climates. They involve natural treatment processes which take time because removal rates are slow.

Waste stabilization pond:

Waste stabilisation ponds are man-made Water bodies in which Black Water, greywater are treated by natural occurring processes and influence of solar light and microorganisms.

The points can be individually in a series for improved treatment.

There are three types of ponds:

1. Anaerobic
2. Facultative
3. Aerobic

Each type has different treatment and design characteristics.

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Water stabilization pond(WSP)

It is pond designed and builds to remove organic impurities and remove harmful substances like pathogens, algae form water and make it palatable.

It is also called as Stabilization pond or waste stabilization lagoons.

• It is a man-made earthen structure.
• Sludge settles at the bottom.
• Water enters from one side of the pond and exists from another side. Water remains in the pond for many days to do the cleaning process.
• It is a time-consuming process.
• It is economical. Because of no use of electricity.

It is best for developing countries where has a warm climate. Industrial pollutants and sewage should treat economically.

There are many ponds designed in series for various functions.

There are three types of stabilization ponds

1. Aerobic maturation – 0.5 m of depth. Provide a large surface area,to increase the contact of water with O2.
2. Anaerobic– 2m to 5m depth
3. Facultative – 1m to 2.5 m depth

Waste stabilize pond is a man-made structure or pond which is used for wastewater treatment and It will help to reduce organic content and as well as remove pathogens from wastewater.

It involves the natural treatment process so It takes much more time to remove pathogens because of the slow removal rate.